HD 80606 is a Sun-like G-type star (about 1.05 solar masses, 5,565 K, 1.05 solar radii), 66.5 light-years from Earth. HD 80606 b swings on one of the most eccentric planetary orbits known, so each perihelion flash-heats the planet within hours. HD 80606 b is a 4.16-Jupiter-mass companion, with an orbital period of 111 days, at 0.460 AU from its star, on an eccentric orbit (e ≈ 0.93), discovered in 2001 via radial velocity. The planet betrayed itself through the star's reflex motion — a technique that first revealed worlds around Sun-like stars in the 1990s and remains a workhorse of exoplanet discovery. The planet's marked eccentricity suggests past scattering events or perturbations from unseen companions.