BD-10 3166 is a Sun-like G-type star (about 1.47 solar masses, 5,393 K, 0.91 solar radii), 84.4 light-years from Earth. BD-10 3166 b is a 0.59-Jupiter-mass companion, with an orbital period of 3.5 days, at 0.040 AU from its star, discovered in 2000 via radial velocity. The inner world is a hot Jupiter — a gas giant hugging its star at a fraction of Mercury's distance — a class that forced astronomers to rethink how giant planets form and migrate inward. BD-10 3166 b skims its star closer than Mercury orbits the Sun.